# Pakistan Minerals by Province - Geological Reserves, Mining Leases & Export Corridors

> Authoritative provincial mineral endowment profile compiled by Indus Ores, Minerals & Resources (Private) Limited.

- **Canonical URL:** https://indusminerals.com.pk/pakistan-minerals
- **Constitutional Framework:** Under Pakistan's 18th Constitutional Amendment (2010), onshore solid minerals are regulated directly by provincial Mines & Minerals Departments.

## Provincial Breakdown
1. **Balochistan (>80% National Metallic Potential):** 1,420+ active mining leases. Dominant producer of Muslim Bagh/Khuzdar Chromite Ore (~85% national share), Copper-Gold Porphyry (>95%), Barite (~90%), Fluorite (~75%), and Manganese (~60%). Road freight 12–24 hrs to Karachi Port.
2. **Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - KPK (Industrial Non-Metallics & Beneficiation Hub):** 1,150+ active leases. Home to Indus Minerals' 2,000 MT/month Chromite Beneficiation Plant, plus Swabi/Buner/Mohmand Crystalline Calcium Carbonate (98.5%–99.2% CaCO3), Talc/Soapstone (~70%), Antimony (>80%), Rock Phosphate (~100%), and Magnesite (~65%).
3. **Punjab (Evaporites & Industrial Clays):** 1,890+ active leases. Exclusive global source of Khewra Himalayan Pink Salt (>95%), Industrial Gypsum (~85%), Bauxite, Silica Sand, and Dolomite.
4. **Sindh (Coastal Gateway & Carbonates):** 780+ active leases. High-Calcium Limestone (~45%), Thatta/Dadu Silica Sand, Nagar Parkar Kaolin, and Thar Lignite, located 50–150 km from Karachi Port (KPT) & Port Qasim (PQ).